Apr 20, 2023 (Nanowerk News) The earliest artificial neural network, the Perceptron, was introduced approximately 65 years ago and consisted of just one layer. However, to address solutions for more complex classification tasks, more advanced neural network architectures consisting of numerous feedforward (consecutive) layers were later introduced. This is the...
Time-varying orbital angular momentum generated by a metasurface
Apr 20, 2023 (Nanowerk News) The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of electromagnetic waves — a kind of “structured light” — is associated with a helical or twisted wavefront. The helical modes are characterized by a topological charge. OAM beams with distinct topological charges are mutually orthogonal, which allows them to...
A particular ‘sandwich’ of graphene and boron nitride may lead to next-gen microelectronics
Apr 20, 2023 (Nanowerk News) Moiré patterns occur everywhere. They are created by layering two similar but not identical geometric designs. A common example is the pattern that sometimes emerges when viewing a chain-link fence through a second chain-link fence. For more than 10 years, scientists have been experimenting with...
Thermomechanical nanomolding of nanowires spur unanticipated phases
Apr 20, 2023 (Nanowerk News) Sometimes to make big breakthroughs, you have to start very small. One way that scientists can get the most out of certain quantum materials is by fabricating nanoscale structures that generate new properties at the material’s surfaces and edges. Cornell researchers used the relatively straightforward...
Team creates ‘quantum composites’ for various electrical and optical innovations
Apr 20, 2023 (Nanowerk News) A team of UCR electrical engineers and material scientists demonstrated a research breakthrough that may result in wide-ranging advancements in electrical, optical, and computer technologies. The Marlan and Rosemary Bourns College of Engineering research group, led by distinguished professor Alexander Balandin, has shown in the...
Creation of thinnest freestanding film with ferroelectric properties ever opens the door to smaller, more efficient devices
Apr 20, 2023 (Nanowerk News) Researchers at the Institute for Future Materials and Systems at Nagoya University in Japan have successfully synthesized barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanosheets with a thickness of 1.8 nanometers, the thinnest thickness ever created for a free-standing film. Given that thickness is related to functionality, their findings...
Eco-computing
Development of neural networks or AI tools for data analysis is increasing exponentially. However, networks existing in natural ecosystems, such as webs of interspecies relationships, have information processing potential that has largely remained untapped.
New blue light technique could enable advances in understanding nanotechnologies
Apr 19, 2023 (Nanowerk News) With a new microscopy technique that uses blue light to measure electrons in semiconductors and other nanoscale materials, a team of Brown University researchers is opening a new realm of possibilities in the study of these critical components, which can help power devices like mobile...
New findings pave the way for stable organic solar cells that may enable cheap and renewable electricity generation
Apr 19, 2023 (Nanowerk News) Due to the recent improvements in the efficiency with which solar cells made from organic (carbon-based) semiconductors can convert sunlight into electricity, improving the long-term stability of these photovoltaic devices is becoming an increasingly important topic. Real-world applications of the technology demand that the efficiency...
Informed by mechanics and computation, flexible bioelectronics can better conform to a curvy body
Apr 19, 2023 (Nanowerk News) Today, foldable phones are ubiquitous. Now, using models that predict how well a flexible electronic device will conform to spherical surfaces, University of Wisconsin–Madison and University of Texas at Austin engineers could usher in a new era in which these bendy devices can integrate seamlessly...